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Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-engineered rat neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation in rat model of Parkinson's disease ( PD) . Methods SD rats received a single injection of 24 μg of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) at two sites in right striatum. Then 10 days after surgery, the successful animal models of PD were divided into 3 groups: PD model group ( 2 μl transplantation media was injected in right striatum), NSC group (transplanted were 2×10~5 NSCs infected by bare lentivirus) and GDNF group (transplanted were 2×10~5 GDNF-engineered NSCs). The rotation scores were assessed 5 weeks, 7 weeks and 9 weeks after transplantation. The dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra ( SN ) were analyzed quantitatively using immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and the dopamine and its metabolites, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were analyzed 9 weeks after transplantation by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) . Results GDNF-engineered NSC transplantation could effectively improve the behavioral performance in rats. At the 5th week after cell transplantation, the rotation turns within 90 min were (993. 9±159. 1) turns, (956. 7±136. 3) turns and (433. 6±100. 9) turns in PD model group, NSC group and GDNF group respectively (F=95. 694, P = 0. 000). At the 7th week, the rotation turns within 90 min were (964. 2 ± 152.0) turns, (909. 2 ± 136. 3) turns and (399. 4±84. 4) turns in PD model group, NSC group and GDNF group respectively (F = 106. 134, P=0. 000). At the 9th week, the rotation turns within 90 min were (909. 5±152. 2) turns, (865. 5± 129. 1) turns and (312. 2±63. 7) turns in PD model group, NSC group and GDNF group respectively (F= 151. 100, P = 0.000). GDNF-engineered NSC transplantation could significantly increase the levels of dopamine and its metabolites in injured striatum. The concentrations of dopamine in injured striatum was higher in GDNF group than that in PD model group and NSC group C(7. 5±0. 8) ng/mg vs. (3.3±0.3) ng/mg and (3. 7±1. 3) ng/mg, F=59. 543, P = 0. 0003. The level of DOPAC was higher in GDNF group than that in PD model group and NSC group C(0. 9±0. 1) ng/mg vs. (0. 5± 0. 1) ng/mg and (0. 6±0. 2) ng/mg, F= 17. 293, P=0. 000]. The concentration of HVA in injured striatum was higher in GDNF group than that in PD model group and NSC group [(0. 9±0. 1) ng/mg vs. (0.5±0. 1) ng/mg and (0. 6±0. 2) ng/mg, F=35.175, P = 0.000]. Conclusions engineered NSC transplantation improves the function of dopamine system in SN and striatum, and GDNF gene therapy has potential clinical value.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of baicalin against Candida glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei and C. guilliermondii biofilms.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>96-well microtitre plates were used to set up the biofilms; microdilution method was applied to detect minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of baicalin for the four non-albians Candida, and XTT reduction assay was adopted to determine sessile minimal inhibitory concentration (SMIC) of baicalin against the four isolates and to detect the effects on adhesion of the fungal cells.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>MICs of baicalin for the four non-albians Candida cells were 125, 250, 125, 62.5 mg L(-1), respectively. The four non-albians Candida could form mature biofilms on 96-well microtitre plates. SMIC50 of baicalin for the four isolates were > 1000, 500, 125, 250 mg x L(-1), respectively. SMIC80 for the four isolates were greater than or equal to 1000 mg x L(-1). Baicalin showed potent inhibitory effects on adhesion of the four non-albians Candida cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Baicalin displays substantial inhibitory effects on C. parapsilosis, C. krusei and C. guilliermondii biofilm.</p>
Subject(s)
Biofilms , Candida , Physiology , Flavonoids , Pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the mechanism through which nicotine protects dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA toxicity in SD rat. Methods Rats received nicotine or saline treatment (two doses tested,0. 2 rag/ kg and 2 rag/ kg, 5 injections i.p. per day at 2-h intervals). On day 8after the treatment, a single injection of 20μg of 6-OHDA was administered into right striatum.Nicotine or saline was administered continuously daily until animals were killed. The dopaminergic neurons and CD3, CD4 and CDS-positive lymphocytes were analyzed quantitatively using immunohistochemistry. Microglia activation was quantified by IBA1 immunofluorescence. Results The loss of dopaminergic neurons induced by 6-OHDA in the substantia nigra was significantly less severe in the nicotine treatment group (at both 0. 2 and 2 mg/kg groups) than that in the saline treated group. In the striatum, we observed that the number of CD3, CD4 and CD8-positive lymphocytes reduced significantly in the nicotine treated animals as compared to saline controls. Otherwise, nicotine inhibited CD4 and CD8-positive lymphocytes infiltration equivalently. Quantitative immunofluorescenee analysis indicated the microglia activation was inhibited obviously in nicotine treatment. Conclusions Our data suggest that nicotine may have a neuroprotective effect against dopaminergic lesion induced by 6-OHDA by inhibiting the inflammation.
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Objective To identify the cell death type and investigate the potential mechanism of ionizing radiation-induced neural cell death in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex.Methods The neonatal Wistar rats were given a single dose of 2.0 Gy γ-irradiation.The cell death type and characterization in cerebral cortex were identified using DNA electrophoresis,TUNEL and HE staining.The P53-and iNOS-positive cells were analyzed quantitatively using immunohistochemistry.Results The DNA and morphological characterization of death cells indicated that 2.0 Gy γ-irradiation induced apoptosis of the neural cells in neonatal rat cerebral cortex.The apoptosis indices in different cortex regions were significantly increased 4 h after irradiation,and reached the peak value at 12 h post-irradiation.The apoptosis index of neoconex was much higher than that of hippocampus(archicortex)and paleocortex,while paleocortex had lower apoptosis index than hippocampus.The quantitative immunohistoehemistry suggested that the numbers of P53 and iNOS-positive cells were not different between these three cortex regions at the same time-point after irradiation.Conclusion 2.0 Gy γ-rays induced apoptosis of the neural cells in neonatal rat cerebral codex.The response of cells to the damage effects of ionizing radiation was similar in different cortex regions;however,the apoptosis indices were different significantly.These findings imply that the developing phase or type of neural cells may play a pivotal role in the apoptosis process induced by ionizing radiation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and complications of transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All 313 patients underwent TUPKP, and the operative indexes and perioperative blood indexes were recorded. After operation, 290, 288 and 142 cases of BPH were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 1 year respectively. Qmax, IPSS and QOL were measured in all the catamneses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operative time was (51 +/- 22) min; the mount of blood loss was (66 +/- 60) ml; no TURS occurred in any cases. The mean catheterization time was (11 +/- 10) h and the mean postoperative stay was (3.6 +/- 1.3) d. Qmax increased from (9.0 +/- 4.4) ml/s to (20.5 +/- 7.1) ml/s at 1 month, (21.8 +/- 5.4) ml/s at 3 months and (21.4 +/- 6.6) ml/s at 1 year after operation (P < 0.01). Correspondingly, IPSS decreased from (26.2 +/- 5.1) score to (6.0 +/- 9.0) score, (5.6 +/- 0.8) score and (4.4 +/- 2.7) score (P < 0.01), and the QOL of all the catamneses significantly improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TUPKP, a safe and effective method with fewer complications, can be recommended for the treatment of BPH.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatic Hyperplasia , General Surgery , Transurethral Resection of Prostate , MethodsABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the changes of serum total prostate specific antigen (T-PSA), free prostate specific antigen (F-PSA) and the ratio of F-PSA to T-PSA (F/T) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and its clinical significance. METHODS: The concentrations of T-PSA and F-PSA in serum were measured by micropartical enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) using AxSYM System, and the F/T ratio was calculated. RESULTS: Before operation, the concentrations of T-PSA and F-PSA in patients with PCa were much higher and F/T ratio was significantly lower than that in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). T-PSA and F-PSA levels decreased, but F/T ratio increased after operation in PCa and BPH. F/T ratio in 83.5% PCa and 6.5% BPH was less than 0.16. To diagnosis PCa, the sensitivity of F/T ratio was 83.5%, and the specificity was 86.7%. CONCLUSION: Serum T-PSA, F-PSA and F/T ratio are important parameters for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. [